Steam-boiler.



D. SJACOBUS.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED APR-10.1916.

1,272,667, Patented July16,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

WITNESSES: ti 7 I NTOR. w (i7Q/14/ v 6. v //'ATTORNEYS.

D. S. JACOBUS.

STEAM BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10. 1916.

1 ,2?2,667. Patented. July 16, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES:

/ I W9 A TTORNEYS.

imaccv.

DAVID s. uconus, ;or JERSEY our, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB T0 'rnE-BAEcocx &wrncox COMPANY,"OF BAYONNE, NEw JERSEY, A conronArIoNoE NEW ERSEY.

STEAM-BOILER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID S. JAcoBUs, a

citizen of the United States, residingat J ersey City, in the county ofHudson and State .ence numerals indicate similar parts in the.

several views.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 the boiler shown comprises upper steam andwater drums 1, 2 and 3, anda mud drum 4, the upper drums being connectedto the .mud drum by three banks of tubes 5, 6 and 7. The steam space ofthe center drum is interconnected to both the front and rear drums bycurved steam'circulating tubes 8 and 8' and to the'water' spaces bytubes 9 and 9'. The water circulators support tiling, as indicated. Therear water circulators 9 protect the rear .drum 3 by supplying waterthereto in case the level is abnormally drawn down therein; and thetiling on these water circulators prevents the heat from reaching andaffecting the butt strap joint in the rear drum. It will be noted thatthe total cross sectional area of the water circulators between thefront'and middle upper drums is greater than the totalcross sectionalarea of the water circulators between the middle and rear upper drums.This is of special advantage in. connection with the featureshereinafter-recited inasmuch as while a constriction is desired for thewater circulation between the upper drums it is important in the presentcombination that this constriction. should be greater between the middleand rear upper drums than between the front and middle upper drums. issupported upon the rear row, of tubes of the front bank and extendsupwardly from the mud drum to the upper part of the bank, and a bafile11 is supported upon the rear row of tubes of the middle bank andextends downwardly from the middle steam and A baffle 10 Water drum 2.Horizontal shelves;12 are shown as extendin fromtlie rear wall of thesetting toward the rear bank. The boiler may be fired by any suitablefurnace. The gases flow upwardly along-and among the tubes of the frontbank and after crossing the top of said bank flow intothe chamber 13,thence in. a general downward direction over and among the tubes of themiddle bank, thence upward over the tubes ofthe rear bank to the outlet14. If desired a superheater may be placed in the chamber 13 between thefront and middle banks of tubes. In the form shown in Fig. 1 thesuperheater comprises the boxes 15 and 16 to which the upwardlyprojecting U-tubes 17 are connected. The boxes are supported in saddlesresting upon the cross-beam 23 forming part of the structural work ofthe setting. The tubes 17 are shown as extending substantially parallelwith the tubes of proximity to .the middle steam and water drum. lamps17 secured to the front row of boiler tubes of the middle bank serve assupports for resisting the overturning moment of the superheater. .Inthe standard Stirling boiler the front and rear steam and water drumsare on substantially the same level and below the middle drum, and themain steam outlet is laced on top of the middle drum. Accor mg to thepresent invention the rear steam and water drum is set higher than theusual practice, and on substantiallyl the same level as the middle drum,and t on the top 0f the rear drum. In the steam space of the rear drumis placed a dry pipe 19, the main steam outlet connecting with the drypipe at or about the center of the latter. The pipe 19 has openings 20therein near its ends, as shown in Fig. 2. By so placing the openingsthe steam is taken from nearv the ends of the drum where the water andsteam are in a more quiescent state than at the center of the drum, andsteam of the maximum degree of dryness in the drum 3 enters the dry pipe19. From thelatter the "steam flows through pipe 18 to the inlet box emain steam outlet 18 is placed ma a 1c, 1918."

the middle bank 6, their ends being in close I steam inlets 8 and thedry pipe to deflect The described construction is especially adapted towaters containing impurities which tend to produce. foaming andpriming,and drier steam can be secured and supplied to the superheater than withthe standard arrangement in which the steam is taken from the middledrum of the boiler. By raising the rear 'drum above the standardposition, the dry pipe 19 is correspondingly raised above the waterlevel in the rear drum, and this eliminates any trouble which mightoccur, when there is high water in the boiler, with the rear drum at alower level, through the water being carried along with the steam intothe dry pipe. Even should there be a high degree of concentration offoreign elements in the water in the boiler tending to produce priming,the steam supplied to the superheater will be comparatively dry, and byreason of this a superheater of a given size will give a greater degreeof superheat under such conditions than in the standard construction inwhich the steam is taken from the middle drum. Further, with theconstruction shown, there is practically no danger of filling thesuperheater with material carried along with the steam from the boileras is the case when the steam is led from the middle drum with a Waterproducing priming, in which case the water which primes over carrieswith it solids in solution which, on they evaporation of the water inthe superheater, will be deposited in the superheater.

With the steam spaces interconnected as shown, the water level in therear drum will at all times be well below the level of the dry pipe. I

Experiments have demonstrated that the water level in the rear drum of aStirling boiler, with the steam spaces of the middle drum and the reardrum interconnected, is higher under certain conditions of operationwith a water containing a material amount of elements in solution thanit is with a purer water, and it is therefore highly impor-' tant toraise the rear drum to the level of the middle drum, in the constructiondescribed, when the feed water is of such a nature that it will lead tohigh concentrations in the water contained in the boiler.

The boiler and superheater arrangement shown lends itself tohigh ratesof driving even though the water may contain enough impurities to causetrouble through foaming and priming at comparatively low rates ofdriving, when the steam outlet is placed on the middle drum.

In Fig. 3 I have shown certain modifications adapted more particularlyto a l-pass baflle boiler. In this construction the battle 2& issupported on the first row of tubes of the. front bank, and extendsupwardly .from the mud drum to near the upper part of the bank. Themiddle bank of tubes is provided with two bafiles, one, 25, beingsupported upon the first row of tubes and ex tending'downwardly from themiddle steam and water drum, and the other, 26, being supported upon therear row of tubes, and extending upwardly from the mud drum. In thethird bank is a bafile 27 supported upon tubes at the rear of the bankand extended downwardly from the rear steam and water drum. Across-battle or shelf 28 extends from the baffle 26 to substantially thefront row of tubes of the rear bank. Thetgases thus flow upward in frontof the front bank of tubes, across the latter bank at the upper partthereof into the secondary combustion chamber 13, downwardly over thetubes of the front bank at the rear of baflle 24, and thence upwardlyover the tubes of the middle bank. downwardly over the tubes of the rearbank and upwardly in the final pass back of the bank to the outlet'lsl.Another modification, of Fig. 1, is in the omission of the watercirculators 9 between the middle and rear steam and water drums. Inorder to deflect the gases after leaving the middle bank downward, andto prevent thedirect impingement of the gases on the rear steam andwater drum, I provide a special construction of curved tiles 29, backedby cast iron members supported by rods 29, and extending from the middlesteam and water drum to substantially the first row of tubes of the rearbank.

As shown in Fig. 3 the furnace gases pass over-a comparatively smallportion of the heating surface before entering the chamber 13 whichpermits of an'effective secondary combustion in this chamber. In thearrangement shown in Fig. 1 the furnace gases pass over a larger portionof the heating surface before entering the chamber 13,, and thebeneficial effect of a secondary combustion in consuming the last tracesof the combustible elements is not as great as in Fig. 3.

Still a further modification is in the form of the superheater. As shownin Fig. 3 the box 16' is placed near the rear of the front bank of tubesand is at a higher level than the box 15, the 'box 16' being preferablyplaced far enough from the rear of the front ank of tubes to allow forthe easy expansion of the superheater tubes 17 2 into the box 16, and toallow a boiler tube to be passed between the rear of the first bank oftubes and the box 16 in replacing a boiler tube. The box 15 is in closeproximity to the middle bank of tubes. The spacing apart of thesuperheater boxes, as shown, lessens the overturning moment and providesa superheater which does not require supports for the tubes other thanthe cross-boxes or headers. In this instance the clamps 17 shown in Fig.1 are not necessary.

I may use a single muddrum t as shown, or a series of connected muddrums, and I intend to cover all these structures by the word lowerchamber in my claims. The three upper steam and water drums must howeverbe connected to this chamber Whether in the form of one drum or severalconnected drums.

That I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesis 1. A steam boiler of the class describe comprising at least threeupper transverse drums connected by banks of tubes to a lower waterchamber, the middle and rear upper drums being at substantially the samelevel, a main steam oiftake leading from the rear upper drum, bafllesarranged to give the gases serial up and down passes over the watertubes, an ofi'take for the gases in the rear of the rear bank of watertubes, water circulators between the middle and rear upper drums, watercirculators between the front and middle upper drums, the combined crosssectional area of the front water circulators being greater than that ofthe rear water circulators, and a special bafile supported by said watercirculators and acting to protect the rear drum from excessive heating.

2. A steam boiler of the class .described comprising at least threeupper transverse drums connected by banks of tubes to a lower waterchamber, the rear upper drum being at a higher level than the frontupper drum, a main steam off-take leading from the rear upper drum,bafiles for giving the gases serial up and down passes over the banks oftubes, an off-take for the gases in the rear of the rear bank of watertubes, water circulators between the middle and rear upper drums, Watercirculatorsbetween the 'front and middle upper drums, the combined crosssectional area of the front water circulators being greater than that ofthe rear water circulators, and a special baflle overlying said watercirculators and: acting to protect the rear drum from excessive heating.

3. A steam boiler of the class described comprising at least three uppertransverse drums connected by banks of tubes to a lower water chamber, amain steam ofi'take leading from the rear upper drum, bafiles arrangedto give the gases serial up and down passes over the Water tubes, anofftake for the gases in the rear of the rear bank of water tubes, watercirculators between the front and middle upper drums and also betweenthe middle and rear upper drums, the combined area of the front watercirculators being greater than that of the rear water circulators, and aspecial baflie extending rearwardly from the middle upper drum andarranged to protect the rear upper drum from excessive heating.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

DAVID S. JACOBUS.

Witnesses:

CHARLES S. JONES, EDITH CAMP.

